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staff to a British Advanced Ordnance Depot. [63][64] When mounted on the proposed trailer, the 15-metre (50ft) LCM was 4.6 metres (15ft) high, which left only 7.6 centimetres (3in) of clearance under some of the bridges they had to pass under between Antwerp and the staging area around Nijmegen. There were doubts as to whether this need could be met, but the situation was eased by the fortuitous arrival of 4,700 tonnes (4,600 long tons) of ammunition that had been pre-loaded on some of the transport that had been allocated by the 21st Army Group. Adjutant Generals Base AGDU Army Guard Dog Unit AGR Army General Reserve A.G.R.A. [53], Once the battle commenced on 8 February, the main administrative task was replenishing the stocks of ammunition. An emergency repair effort was conducted, and many were shipped direct from the workshops to the front lines. The affectionate story of British servicemen and their families who had to make Germany a home from home in the decades after the Second World War. [73] XII and XXX Corps each formed a bank control group along the lines of the beach groups that had supported the Normandy landings in 1944, but with the logistical elements restricted to the medical, provost and REME components. Both formations had areas of responsibility located around the German section of the River Rhine . [7] The British Second Army liberated Brussels on 3 September, and Antwerp was captured virtually intact on 4 September,[8] but it could not be used as a port until the Germans were cleared from the Scheldt approaches, through which ships had to pass to reach the port. [60] In the three days preceding the assault, the three hundred and thirty six 25-pounders assigned to the XII Corps fired 225,061 rounds, the sixteen 4.5-inch guns fired 7,002 rounds, the one hundred and sixty 5.5-inch guns fired 69,607 rounds, the fifty two 155 mm howitzers fired 4,335 rounds, the sixteen 7.2-inch howitzer fired 3,964 rounds, and the two 8-inch howitzers 176 rounds. By mid-May the 21st Army Group's reserves had been reduced by a quarter. [65], The buildup of stocks for Operation Plunder commenced on 8 March. British Army of the Rhine in Italian - English-Italian Dictionary | Glosbe XXX Corps reverted to the control of the British Second Army on 8 March, and by 10 March the last German units had retreated across the Rhine. Special arrangements were made to supply the Royal Air Force's Fog Investigation and Dispersal Operation, which consumed 410,000 litres (90,000impgal) a night, and Gloster Meteor jet fighters, which consumed 14,000 litres (3,000impgal) of kerosene each day. The affectionate story of British servicemen and their families who had to make Germany a home from home in the decades after the Second World War. [32][33], A major user of fuel was the Fog Investigation and Dispersal Operation (FIDO) system at pinoy, which consumed 410,000 litres (90,000impgal) per night. british army of the rhine bases - Josannebroersen.com [63] Units participating in Operation Plunder were re-equipped before the start of the operation. WW2 MAPS OF BRUSSELS/BRUXELLES 1944 D/DAY ORIGINAL RARE. By 9 February sections of the Nijmegen-Kranenburg road were under 46 centimetres (18in) of water. Red Sash Wargames Army of the Rhine - Ombre de Turenne SW | eBay CENTAG consisted, from north to south, of III GE Corps, V US Corps, VII US Corps, and II (GE) Corps in the extreme . Chieftain: The British Army of the Rhine, provides a complete array of British equipment and maneuver units, from Chieftain and Challenger tanks through MCV-80 and Saxon APCs. List of units and formations of the British Army, "Neuer britischer Kommandeur in Paderborn", "Adventurous Training Foundation Delivery (AFTD)", Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom, British Forces British Indian Ocean Territories, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Army_Germany&oldid=1141875126, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Military command, support, and administration, Land Training Fleet (Sennelager) which provides and maintains a pool of. Not only was the 21st Army Group fighting alongside the much larger American armies, it had to deal with a severe shortage of manpower. The XXX Corps Troops Engineers commenced work on the "Lambeth" class 15 Bailey pontoon bridge at 15:00 on 24 March, but work was frequently interrupted by German fire, and the bridge was not opened until 08:30 on 26 March. The transfer involved 102,415 troops. Both were originally occupation forces in Germany, one after the First World War and the other after the Second World War. [79], Vehicles crossing the Rhine did so with full fuel tanks and a reserve of filled jerricans. British Army of the Rhine - BAOR Locations Home; About. London: Bantam, 2009. After the successful Normandy landings, the units of 21st Army Group crossed the river Rhine near the Germany city of Wesel on 23 March 1945. British and Commonwealth PWX were flown directly to the UK, while American PWX were flown to collecting camps around Le Havre. This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 08:31. As was written earlier we are constantly searching for information, and adding or updating pages. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. It was therefore decided that the floating bridges should be replaced by semi-permanent ones as soon as operational circumstances permitted. A large force of engineer units was assembled for the operation: 37,000 British and Canadian engineers and pioneers, and 22,000 American engineers. Includes a chapter on the creation of the postmodern regimental system between 1945 and 1970 against the backdrop of postwar austerity and the consequent reorganization and amalgamation of many regiments. The remaining RAF forces in Germany ceased to be a separate command, and instead became No 2 Group RAF, part of RAF Strike Command. A double issue of Expeditionary Force Institutes stores was made to all participating units. Dorsten Ammunition Depot munitions storage facility. The Oxford History of the British Army. Sixteen of the bombers were lost to anti-aircraft fire. The deployment of BAOR on the European Central Front was symbolic of British political intent vis--vis European security and was the military means by which Britain sought to deter a conventional or nuclear Warsaw Pact attack. The British Army of the Rhine After the First World War - Goodreads Three bridges were constructed there, but by the time they opened II Canadian Corps already had its three Canadian divisions across the Rhine. 10 Army Roadhead, while the attached II Canadian Corps continued to draw its from the First Canadian Army's No. [42] The weight of shell employed would still be formidable; the fire plan still called for 6 tonnes (6 long tons) of shells to be delivered on designated targets, and some would receive up to 11 tonnes (11 long tons). This involved a large expenditure of ammunition, including some that was in short supply like ML 4.2-inch mortar rounds and the Mark VIIIz ammunition used by the Vickers machine gun. By this time a thaw had set in, and the ground was now soft and muddy, restricting off-road vehicle movement. Both were originally occupation forces in Germany, one after World War I, and the other after World War II. A 229-metre (751ft) class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge was erected by the 7th Army Troops Engineers at Well and a 270-metre (880ft) one by the 6th Army Troops Engineers at Lottum was opened for traffic on 10 March. [78] The 21st Army Group headquarters also allocated three additional general transport companies to the British Second Army. The British Liberation Army (BLA) was the official name given to the British Army forces which fought on the Western Front of World War II between the Invasion of Normandy and the end of the war. Whereas military considerations involved "questions of strategy, bases and force levels," the political response focused on the creation of defensive alliances. Over the next six days it was used by 29,139 vehicles. 10 Army Roadhead commenced on 13 April, and the first train arrived at No. Nearly 50 engineer companies, together with three road construction companies and 29 pioneer companies, were engaged in road maintenance. 15 Army Roadhead. [63][72] The seaborne tail of the 6th Airborne Division established a DUKW replenishment area west of the Rhine from whence supplies were moved until it could cross the river. [41] Pepperpot tactics involved supplementing the artillery fire with that of anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, mortars and machine guns. The pipeline running from Cherbourg to Rouen was shut down on 9 January, which freed personnel to work on extending other pipelines. Army of Occupation commanders.jpg 800 595; 155 KB. [47] Four main road routes were available for troop movements, utilising road bridges over the Maas at Grave, Mook and Ravenstein. The British presence was estimated to have been contributing 1.5 billion euros annually to the German economy in 2004. [51] Extremely cold conditions persisted into February, and the divisions were issued with Arctic clothing and equipment that had been stockpiled for operations in Norway. Similar Royal Air Force Germany, Royal Electrical and Mech, British Army, Royal Military Police, Army Air Corps. Traduzione di "British Army of the Rhine" in italiano . [12] Petrol was brought in tankers and over the Operation Pluto pipeline. Disbandment of the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) and Royal Air Force Germany (RAFG) in 1994, following the end of the Cold War and the Options for Change defence review in the early 1990s, reduced the strength of the British Armed Forces in Germany by almost 30,000 with just one division (1st Armoured) remaining by the late 1990s, [7] Since the end of the Second World War, major reorganisation has resulted in the Coast Artillery being disbanded, the Anti Tank role being discontinued and the Anti . BMH Iserlohn was housed in Argonne Barracks which was a German Calvary and Armoured Regiment building from the 1930s. As of 1 April 1989, the following amounts of troops were deployed around the world: 71,000 in Great Britain, 56,000 (of which the Berlin brigade makes up 3,000), 10,200 in Northern Ireland (including 3,200 on roulement), 5,000 in Hong Kong, 4,000 in the Lines of Communications counties (Netherlands . [28], The 25th Garrison assumed control of the RMA on 2 April, allowing the 5th Line of Communications Sub Area to take over the western part of North Brabant, and the 101st Beach Sub Area, which became the 21st Line of Communications Sub Area, took over the territory west of the Maas. This included 15,000,000 rations, which were gradually eaten by the troops in the RMA. [13], During the German Ardennes Offensive in December 1944, the Supreme Allied Commander, General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower, transferred the US First and Ninth Armies to Montgomery's command. Pipelines were now constructed from Calais to Ghent, and thence to the storage facilities around Antwerp. Four trains a day passed through Gevrey-Chambertin, which handled 72,550 personnel and 4,035 trucks. While most of its units were British or Canadian, there were also contingents from Belgium, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia and Poland,[1] and the RAF Second Tactical Air Force operating in support also had Australian, French, New Zealand and Norwegian squadrons. IF YOU WOULD PREFER TO STAY ANONYMOUS OR KEEP ALL CONTENTS PRIVATE PLEASE STATE THIS CLEARLY ON SUBMISSION: All rights reserved. It closed in 1991 when the refurbished BMH Iserlohn re-opened. [91] At Artlenburg, 7th Army Troops engineers constructing a 282-metre (925ft) class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge also came under air attack, and two of its mobile cranes were damaged by artillery fire, but the bridge was opened on schedule at 12:00 on 30 April. 10 Army Roadhead. This was after British forces personnel were scaled down over several years, with 19,100 in April 2010, and 2,850 in April 2019. Motorman began on 31st July 1972 with the rapid deployment of troops from the rest of the UK and the British Army of the Rhine to the ports of Belfast and Derry. The high use of road transport meant that the British Second Army burned 7,600 tonnes (7,500 long tons) of petrol a day, but pipelines were laid across the Rhine at Emmerich and were in operation by the end of April. BMH Iserlohn was one of several BAOR (British Army Of The Rhine) army hospitals in Germany. London: William Kimber, 1971. [1] The General Officer Commanding UKSC(G) also functioned as head of the British Forces Liaison Organisation (Germany), which was responsible for liaising and maintaining relations with German civil authorities. Positioned on the North German Plain, it is the command element of NATO's Northern Army Group (NORTHAG). Media in category "British Army of the Rhine". The purpose of this site is to give people, still serving or not, the opportunity to look back at the places in Germany where they may have served over the years and also a view of the regiments and units which shaped them. The British Army, Manpower, and Society into the Twenty-First Century. The Royal Navy formed Force U, consisting of three squadrons, each with a flotilla of twelve Landing Craft Medium (LCM), and a flotilla of twelve Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel (LCVP), which were transported by road across Holland and Belgium to participate. [88][92][96], Meanwhile, the First Canadian Army established two lines of communications. 166 FMC was developed from one formerly established there by the VIII Corps, although it had to be expanded as XXX Corps had over 200,000 troops under its command for Operation Veritable. Both formations had areas of responsibility located around the German section of the River Rhine. [2] With the end of the Cold War, and the Options for Change defence review in the early 1990s, BFG as a whole was considerably reduced, with the British presence centred on the 1st Armoured Division, and supporting elements. Lorries then took them to the dispersal point at Renaix via Lyon and Dijon, guided by road markers that read "GF". Military Identities: The Regimental System, the British Army and the British People c.18702000. WO2 Served from 1974 - 1994 Served in British Army of the Rhine. Their construction would require 3,000 wooden piles 30 centimetres (12in) in diameter and 18 to 23 metres (60 to 75ft) in length. Does the British Army of the Rhine still exist? In 1961, he received a commission into the Royal Corps of Signals, and served in the British Army of the Rhine . Chinese surveillance cameras are being used at British Army bases despite Ministers banning them from Government buildings over fears they pose a major security risk. History of the British Army of the Rhine 06.09.14 - YouTube This was a problem as its special equipment was not stocked. 12 and 14 Army Roadheads were being run down. With some assistance from pioneers or civilians, each section could operate a petrol station issuing up to 45,000 litres (10,000impgal) per day. The British Army of the Rhine was born in 1945 out of the British Liberation Army at the close of the war as the military government of the British zone of occupied Germany. [101] The vast resources brought to bear was in stark contrast with scarcities of the early war years. As the Soviet threat increased, so BAOR became less of an occupational army and assumed the role of defender of Western Europe, and as a major contributor to NATO after . british army of the rhine bases . Some of the ammunition that had earlier been dumped was to be made inaccessible by flood waters. At this time the ration strength of the 21st Army Group was around 1.2 million, while that of the Mediterranean theatre was 1.4 million. Four days later the German Instrument of Surrender was signed in Berlin, and the war with Germany was over. [44] The 25-pounders were each provided with an additional 1,471 rounds in addition to the 206 rounds per gun each regiment normally carried. London: Penguin, 1970. Mainstream histories of the British army have focused overwhelmingly on the myriad counterinsurgency operations in which it became involved after 1945 at the expense of the vital role played by the British Army of the Rhine in the nations deterrent posture. as (hopefully) more information is found or supplied. The Canadian historian, Charles Stacey noted that:.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, Thus, throughout the campaign in North-West Europe, there was virtually no separate Canadian supply organization other than what existed within First Canadian Army itself. The BAOR was formerly armed with tactical nuclear weapons. Happily, we were posted to the British Army of the Rhine, in my case, to 282 (Welsh) Field Company, RE, in the 63rd (Welsh) Division. From 1922 the BAOR was organised into two brigades:[1], The second British Army of the Rhine was formed on 25 August 1945 from the British Liberation Army. This gave them sufficient petrol to advance for 200 and 180 miles (320 and 290km) respectively, although no such rapid advance was contemplated, the supplies being to sustain the divisions in operations when the road network became congested with operational traffic.